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Friday, October 21, 2011

The Worst foods to eat while driving

Having a meal behind the wheel is always a bad idea. But if you insist on taking the risk, at least avoid the most distracting and dangerous delights.

Food is a road hazard

Remember when your car was new and you wouldn't dare allow one kernel of popcorn or a drop of soda within 100 yards of its interior?

Experts say drivers should maintain that way of thinking regardless of how many miles are on their odometers.

SmartDrive Systems, a leader in fleet safety training and research, compiled data from more than 34 million risky-driving incidents. The study ranks food and beverages consumed while driving as a bigger distraction than talking on a cell phone.

"Eating while driving is dangerous and can be deadly," says Carnegie Mellon University professor Marcel Just, a leading neuroscientist and an expert on multitasking. "Concentrating on eating can be just as distracting as texting while driving. Drivers need to keep not only their hands on the wheel; they also have to keep their brains on the road."

Any food can get you into trouble, but experts say these take the cake as the most dangerous things to consume behind the wheel.



French fries
It's hard to dunk french fries in ketchup while keeping your eyes on the road. Then there's all the salt that will preoccupy your thoughts with guzzling a soda instead of staying focused on the light that's quickly changing from green to red. Add in the grease that will have you fumbling around your front seat for a napkin, and french fries are the fifth-most-dangerous food to eat while driving.


"This is a loaded gun of distraction because all those things overload your brain. You're thinking about thirst, getting the fry into the ketchup and not on your lap, and keeping the grease and salt off your wheel," driving instructor Schwartz says.

Who can think of driving with all that going on?




Popcorn

The salt in popcorn will have you looking for a drink or napkin instead of at oncoming traffic, the grease can make it tricky to hang on to the wheel, and a kernel or two can threaten your life.


This triple threat earns the movie snack favorite top honors and the distinction of most dangerous.

Dr. Paul Bryson, a specialist at Cleveland Clinic's Head and Neck Institute, says eating popcorn while driving poses a significant choking risk because it's tough to concentrate on properly chewing all the kernels while keeping your road wits about you.

"Incompletely chewed pieces of popcorn can cause choking or leave distracting particulates in the throat that can cause coughing or become a distraction to the driver while you try to remove the piece of popcorn from your mouth or throat," Bryson says.



Pizza
Pizza's ability to injure and jeopardize safety propels it to the second-most-dangerous spot.

"It takes just a second of contact with hot, greasy cheese dripping down your face to cause a first- or second-degree burn on the face," says Dr. Debra Jaliman, an assistant professor of dermatology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and a spokeswoman for the American Academy of Dermatology.

The most common place to be burned is a corner of your mouth, where your skin is more delicate and thinner than on the rest of your face.

Looking for a napkin or something cool to calm that burn means you might not be paying attention to the road.

"Even if you're not burned, a slice of pizza often requires two hands to eat, so you can't safely steer your car (while) stuffing your face with a slice," says Stephanie Schwartz, a driving instructor and the owner of Roadrunner Traffic School in Phoenix.

Pizza is also greasy, which makes hanging on to the wheel a challenge.



Philly cheese steak
Sure, they're gooey and good, but they're greasy and messy, too. And you need two hands to get more into your mouth than into your lap. They can also be hot, which means there's the chance you'll end lunch with a burn -- and an accident.

The mess, distraction and burn potential earn this lunchtime favorite the No. 3 spot.

"An alert driver needs 1.5 seconds to react to something that happens while they are driving. A distracted driver who is splitting attention between eating and driving needs three seconds -- twice that much time to react," driving instructor Schwartz says.

By the time you put down your sandwich and get even one hand firmly on the wheel, it could be too late.

"You will have hit the child who darted out in the road or the car who cut you off," she says



Drinks without straws

It's often hard to unscrew a bottle cap with one hand. It's even harder to do so without taking your eyes off the road to look at the bottle. And while a can takes both hands only to open, it can be much trickier to grip and pop while steering.


Sure, you can stuff the bottle or can between your legs to keep one hand on the wheel, but then you're going to have to look down longer to make sure you don't spill it, thus taking your eyes off the road. That makes this a dangerous behind-the-wheel beverage no matter how you look at it, Schwartz says.

And if you do get the beverage open, hopefully you don't have to stop fast in midchug, or you'll be wearing your drink and could choke if a sip goes "down the wrong pipe.”



Sub sandwiches
This two-handed food has a tendency to fall apart, littering your lap and front seat with lettuce, sauce, condiments and crumbs. Not only are these things tough to manage while trying to watch the road, depending on the size of the sub, it could get caught up in the steering wheel. And that could make it tougher to swerve out of the way if an unexpected object (like a child or dog) appears in the road.

Bob Surrusco, the general manager of the Safe America Foundation and the SAF Teen Driving Institute in Marietta, Ga., says anything that can easily fall apart like a sub is dangerous in the car.

"When something spills, the driver's first instinct is to quickly clean it up," he says. "That can take the driver's attention away from the road, which increases the odds of getting into a car accident."




Hot dogs
Biting into one end of a hot dog inevitably sends contents squirting out the other.


"Focusing on keeping ketchup off your tie or onions from falling in between your seat and the console is very distracting," says Ann Furber, the director of Knight Driving School in Berwick, Maine.

So is thinking about how you're going to maneuver both the dog and steering wheel -- and to grab a few fries in between bites.

The result: You're a mess, and you have a bashed-in bumper.

"Looking at where those condiments and crumbs tumbled to, even for a second, takes your eyes off the road," Furber says. And since hot dogs are rarely served plain (unless you're under age 5), their mess factor earns them the distinction of being seventh on the most-dangerous list.



Cereal

Ever tried keeping cereal from sloshing out of the bowl while stopping quickly or making a left turn? It's not easy and requires a great deal of concentration.


And, Furber says, all that concentrating on keeping the bowl level and the spoon from not slipping doesn't leave time to think about the rules of the road.
"There are so many things to worry about, like not showing up to work with cereal dangling from your chin, milk stains on your shirt and spilled milk souring causing a horrible stink in your car, that there's hardly time to focus on rush hour traffic," she says.



Ice cream cones
Ice cream drips all over your hands, clothes, car seat and steering wheel.

So even though you can gobble a cone with one hand, you're going to be diverting a lot of attention away from traffic to make sure you don't miss a rogue dribble.

And don't think plopping a scoop in a cup is any better than juggling a cone. Even though a cup may eliminate the drip factor, "that requires two hands to eat," Schwartz says. "So you're trading a distraction for the unsafe move of steering with your knees, elbows or anything other than the safest way, with both hands."







Juicy fruits
Rounding out the list of dangerous road foods are ripe pears, oranges, strawberries -- just about any juicy fruit that creates a distracting dribble that could end up on your clothes. These fruits also leave your fingers tacky, so it's hard to grip the wheel comfortably.

Even bananas can be distracting, because you're worrying about how to break into one without rendering it too mushy to eat, or you're afraid that pieces will fall off and roll under your seat.

The mess and distraction are why fruit rounds out the list.

"If you're eating fruit, you have to focus on not choking on the seeds, where to store the rind, stem, peel or pit and not dropping a tiny bite or (a) grape," Furber says.

Quoted from MSN Money






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Published by Gusti Putra at: 2:36 PM
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Tiny Penguins Saved by Little Sweaters

A good yarn: Knitters make sweaters for penguins after oil spill

A little blue penguin from Papamoa Beach
was covered in oil after a Liberian cargo ship hit a reef on Oct. 7 in Tauranga, New Zealand.
It's a sad story with a happy twist. Blue penguins in New Zealand have been soaked with oil after a container ship ran aground near the east coast of the country's North Island earlier this month. New Zealand’s Environment Minister Nick Smith has described the oil spill as the nation’s “most significant maritime environmental disaster.”


In their oil-soaked state, the birds shouldn’t preen themselves because their feathers are contaminated. They also need help staying warm before and after rescue workers do what they can to clean them up.

So Skeinz, a knitting shop in Napier, New Zealand, put out a call for knitters to make little sweaters for penguins in need. And boy, have knitters around the world responded. One blog post from the folks at Skeinz.com ran under the headline “It’s raining jumpers.”  Another ran with the headline “We have Critical Mass” — but Skeinz is still encouraging determined knitters to send their handiwork along to “keep stocks available for the Wildlife Rescue Team to draw from if required.”

This isn't the first time that penguins have been outfitted with sweet little sweaters. Let's take a waddle down penguin lane to see some other penguins in sweaters — because you can never have enough photos of that!
Back in 2005 in Australia, tiny fairy penguins Toby and Percina modeled sweaters
that were being sent for the rehabilitation of penguins involved in oil spills.
In 2000, a group of penguins were rescued off the coast of South Africa
after getting caught in an oil spill from a sunken carrier ship.
Sweaters helped them stay warm while they recovered.

Want to make an adorable sweater for a penguin in a pinch? You can find specifications — (for instance, they must be made of 100 percent wool yarn, and they must be just the right size) — as well as an address to send your creations, here.
After a spill near Tasmania in 2000, a penguin was clad in a knitted sweater in an attempt to prevent it from ingesting oil.

Quoted from AnimalTracks
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Published by Gusti Putra at: 10:11 AM
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Thursday, October 20, 2011

Turkey sends 10,000 elite forces after Kurdish militants

Offensive on border of Iraq follows insurgents' deadliest one-day attacks against Turkish military since mid-1990s

Students protest against recent attacks
on Turkish military in Istanbul
ANKARA, Turkey — About 10,000 elite Turkish soldiers were taking part in a ground offensive against Kurdish rebels in southeastern Turkey and across the border in Iraq on Thursday, making it the nation's largest attack on the insurgents in more than three years, the military said.

The offensive began Wednesday after Kurdish rebels carried out raids near the Turkey-Iraq border that killed 24 Turkish soldiers and wounded 18, the insurgents' deadliest one-day attacks against the military since the mid-1990s.

The military said in a statement Thursday that 22 battalions, or about 10,000 soldiers, were taking part in the offensive in southeastern Turkey and northern Iraq, but it did not say how many were in each country.


NTV television said most of the troops were believed to be in Iraq.

It was Turkey's largest such offensive since February 2008, when thousands of ground forces staged a weeklong offensive into Iraq on snow-covered mountains.


The military said the soldiers in the current operation are commandos, special forces and paramilitary special forces — making it an elite force trained in guerrilla warfare. They are being reinforced by F-16 and F-4 warplanes, Super Cobra helicopter gunships and surveillance drones.

Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan refused to share details of the military's offensive. The military only said the offensive was concentrated in five separate areas it did not identify.


"Our goal is to achieve results with this operation," Erdogan told a nationally televised news conference. "The military is determinedly carrying out this (operation), both from the air and the ground."
The military said the offensive was launched because the rebels had staged Wednesday's deadly simultaneous attacks on eight separate targets, including military and police outposts.

Iraq expresses support 
In its first comment since those attacks and the start of Turkey's offensive, Iraq's government on Thursday condemned the rebel attacks and promised to stop them from using Iraqi territory for future attacks against Turkey.

"The Iraqi government stresses again that Iraq will not be a haven or a shelter to any foreign armed and terrorist group," the Iraqi Foreign Ministry said in a statement on its website, adding that both Baghdad and the regional Kurdish government in northern Iraq "are committed to secure the borders" to prevent the repetition of such attacks.


A senior Iraqi Kurdish official, Nechirvan Barzani, was in Ankara and expected to be received by Erdogan shortly.

The Kurdish rebel attack outraged many Turks and fueled nationalist sentiment. Thousands of high school students, carrying Turkish flags, marched in the streets of the Turkish capital on Thursday.

"Tooth for tooth, blood for blood, vengeance!" students chanted in support of the military as they marched through the affluent Tunali Hilmi district. At one point, the students stopped traffic to sing the national anthem as some shopkeepers joined them and passers-by stood still in respect.

The Kurdish provinces of northern Iraq are mostly stable and prosperous. But to Turkey, which has a large Kurdish minority, they also are an inspiration and a support base for the Kurdish rebels.

Turkey's Kurdish rebel conflict has killed tens of thousands of people since the insurgents took up arms for autonomy in the country's Kurdish-dominated southeast in 1984.

Quoted from MSN


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Published by Gusti Putra at: 11:43 PM
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Can you inherit a long life?

Parents may be passing more to their offspring than only DNA, study finds

Happy mother & son

Parents may be passing more to their offspring than their DNA. A new study shows some worms pass along non-genetic changes that extend the lives of their babies up to 30 percent.

Rather than changes to the actual genetic code, epigenetic changes are molecular markers that control how and when genes are expressed, or "turned on." These controls seem to be how the environment impacts a persons' genetic nature. For instance, a recent study on diet showed that what a mouse's parents ate affected the offspring's likelihood of getting cancer. Studies in humans have suggested that if your paternal grandfather went hungry, you are at a greater risk for heart disease and obesity.

The new study's results "could potentially suggest that whatever one does during their own life span in terms of environment could have an impact on the lives of their descendents," study researcher Anne Brunet, of Stanford University, told LiveScience. "This could impact how long the organism lives, even though it doesn't affect the genes themselves."

The study was conducted in the model organism C. elegans, a small, wormlike nematode often used in experiments as a stand-in for humans because of their genetic similarities. Even so, the researchers aren't sure how their results would apply to human life span. They are currently studying fish and mice to see if their findings hold true in different species.
Mutations that affect longevity in nematode parents
can impact the lifespan of descendants even if the initial mutation
is no longer present. This image represents a longevity
mark in the normal offspring of mutant nematodes.
Genes or epigenes?
Our DNA holds the code for life, but this code can be adapted based on how DNA is twisted together with proteins. Changes to these proteins are called "epigenetic," a word that literally means "on top of the genome." [ Epigenetics: A Revolutionary Look at How Humans Work ]

Modifications to proteins called histones that hold DNA together can turn genes off by adding a molecule called a methyl group (a carbon-hydrogen molecule), and can turn genes on by removing the methyl. These modifications can be caused by a variety of things in the environment, including diet or exposure to toxins.

The new study shows that, contrary to popular belief, some of these changes survive fertilization. Which ones survive, and how, are questions researchers are still trying to answer.
"What this finding suggests is that it's [the epigenome] not completely reset and there is epigenetic inheritance that isn't encoded by the genome that is sill transmissible between generations," Brunet said.

Inherited longevity 
The researchers found that when they mutated the protein complex that adds a methyl group to a specific histone protein, the nematodes lived up to 30 percent longer than the non-mutants. When the mutant nematodes reproduced with normal nematodes, their offspring (even those without the mutation) lived up to 30 percent longer. The methyl addition that caused the extended lifespan seemed to be passed down, even if the actual mutation wasn't.

For a nematode, which lives 15 to 20 days in the lab, an extra five or six days is a big boost. This would be like a human, instead of living to 80, living past 100.

The complex seems to turn off pro-aging genes, though what those genes are and how they work, the researchers aren't sure. "We really don't know yet what the mechanisms are, even in the parents, in which this complex manipulates life span," Brunet told LiveScience. "We do see genes that are involved in aging that are regulated by this complex."

Human implications 
While the researchers aren't sure about the protein's effect on human longevity yet, the finding is also important in studies of adult stem cells. Adult stem cells are normal cells that are 'reprogrammed' and supposedly wiped free of their epigenetic modifications. If this wiping process isn't thorough, leftover modifications could compromise therapies using these cells.

"The finding is fascinating," David Sweatt, a researcher at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, told LiveScience in an email. "The observations are also consistent with the emerging concept of 'soft inheritance,' whereby epigenetic mechanism may drive a molecular memory of ancestral experience over several generations."

Silvia Gravina, a researcher from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, suggested that epigenetic inheritance like that in the study could augment traditional "longevity" genes in human centenarians and their offspring.

"This finding supports the captivating and novel concept that health and general physiology can be affected not only by the interplay of our own genes and conditions of life, but also by the inherited effects of the interplay of our own genes and the environment of our ancestors," Gravina said, also by email.

Neither Sweatt nor Gravina was involved in the study, which was published Oct. 19 in the journal Nature.

Quoted from MSN
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Published by Gusti Putra at: 11:19 PM
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